Upper Arm (Humerus) Fractures

The humerus is the upper arm bone that extends from the shoulder to the elbow. Fractures can occur anywhere along the bone, but they most commonly occur near the shoulder or elbow. Treatment depends on the location and severity of the fracture, and many humerus fractures in children can heal without surgery. 

Common types of humerus fractures: 

Proximal humerus fractures (near the shoulder) 

• Occur near the shoulder and may involve the growth plate. 

• Children's bones in this area have a strong ability to remodel as they grow. 

• Surgery is rarely needed. 

• Typically treated with:  

• A shoulder sling, or 

• A shoulder immobilizer. 

• Immobilization is usually needed for 4–6 weeks. 

• Normal shoulder motion is typically allowed once healing has progressed, although return to full activities may take longer. 

Humeral shaft fractures (middle of the upper arm) 

• Occur in the midportion of the humerus. 

• Often result from a direct blow to the arm. 

• In some cases, the fracture may occur through a bone cyst that has weakened the bone. 

• If the fracture alignment is acceptable, treatment may include:  

• A long-arm cast, followed by 

• A supportive brace (such as a Sarmiento brace) during later healing. 

• Bracing helps protect the fracture while allowing some arm movement. 

Recovery and follow-up: 

• Regular follow-up appointments may be needed to ensure the bone is healing properly. 

• Activity restrictions help protect the bone as it heals. 

• Your healthcare team will provide guidance on when it is safe to return to sports and other activities.