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Bronchiolitis Signs and Symptoms

This viral lower respiratory tract illness is characterized by increased mucus production as well as inflammation and edema in the small airways. Signs and symptoms begin with cough and rhinitis, progressing to lower airway signs, commonly bilateral crackles, and wheezing. Hypoxemia and/or signs of increased work of breathing (tachypnea, retractions, nasal flaring) may be present and guide medical management (Ralston et al., 2014).

Reference:

Ralston, S. L., Lieberthal, A. S., Meissner, H. C., Alverson, B. K., Baley, J. E., Gadomski, A. M., ... & Hernandez-Cancio, S. (2014). Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics134(5), e1474-e1502.

These pathways do not establish a standard of care to be followed in every case. It is recognized that each case is different, and those individuals involved in providing health care are expected to use their judgment in determining what is in the best interests of the patient based on the circumstances existing at the time. It is impossible to anticipate all possible situations that may exist and to prepare a pathway for each. Accordingly, these pathways should guide care with the understanding that departures from them may be required at times.